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Implicit Differentiation

Differentiating curves like x2+xy+y2=12x^2+xy+y^2=12 that can't easily be written as y=…y=\ldots: differentiate every term with respect to xx, remembering that yy terms pick up a factor dydx\dfrac{dy}{dx}.

Integrating Powers of x

Integration undoes differentiation: raise the power by one and divide by the new power, then add +c+c because any constant would have vanished when differentiating. As with differentiation, rewrite roots, fractions and brackets as separate powers of xx first.

The Chain Rule

How to differentiate a function of a function, such as (2x−5)4(2x-5)^4 or x2+5\sqrt{x^2+5}, without multiplying out: differentiate the outside, keep the inside, and multiply by the derivative of the inside.

Indefinite Integration

Integration as differentiation in reverse: integrating powers of xx, why there is always a +c+c, and how one point pins down the exact curve.

Gradients and the Power Rule

What the gradient of a curve means, how chords close in on the tangent, and the power rule ddxxn=nxn−1\dfrac{d}{dx}x^n=nx^{n-1} that makes differentiating fast, including roots, fractions and second derivatives.

The Product and Quotient Rules

How to differentiate two functions multiplied together, uvuv, or divided, uv\dfrac uv, and how to tidy the result by factorising, so it is ready for finding stationary points.

Particular Solutions with Harder Integrals

Exam differential equations are integration questions in disguise. Once the variables are separated, one side often needs partial fractions, integration by parts or a trigonometric identity. Bring all of Paper 3 integration to bear, then pin down the constant.

Parametric Differentiation

Curves described by a third variable tt: x=f(t)x=f(t), y=g(t)y=g(t). How to find their gradient with dydx=dy/dtdx/dt\dfrac{dy}{dx}=\dfrac{dy/dt}{dx/dt}, and how to find tangents and special points.

Forming Differential Equations

Turn words about change into mathematics. "Grows in proportion to", "decreases at a rate inversely proportional to", "flows in and leaks out": each becomes an equation for a derivative, ready to solve.

Separating the Variables

Gather every yy with dydy on one side and every xx with dxdx on the other, integrate, and add one constant. The method that solves almost every Paper 3 differential equation.

Syllabus topics

TopicBoardPaperLesson
Implicit differentiationCambridge 9709Pure Mathematics 2Available
Modelling with differential equationsCambridge 9709Pure Mathematics 3Available
Parametric differentiationCambridge 9709Pure Mathematics 2Available
Parametric differentiationCambridge 9709Pure Mathematics 3Available
Forming differential equationsCambridge 9709Pure Mathematics 3Available
Implicit differentiationCambridge 9709Pure Mathematics 3Available
Variable forces and differential equationsCambridge 9231Further MechanicsAvailable
Differentiating powers of xEdexcel YMA01Pure Mathematics 1Available
Implicit differentiationEdexcel YMA01Pure Mathematics 4Available
Forming differential equationsEdexcel YMA01Pure Mathematics 4Available
Modelling with differential equationsEdexcel YMA01Pure Mathematics 4Available
Parametric differentiationEdexcel YMA01Pure Mathematics 4Available
Variable forces and differential equationsEdexcel YMA01Mechanics 3Available
Forming differential equationsEdexcel 9MA0Pure Mathematics 1Available
Implicit differentiationEdexcel 9MA0Pure Mathematics 1Available
Implicit differentiationEdexcel 9MA0Pure Mathematics 2Available
Modelling with differential equationsEdexcel 9MA0Pure Mathematics 1Available
Parametric differentiationEdexcel 9MA0Pure Mathematics 1Available
Forming differential equationsEdexcel 9MA0Pure Mathematics 2Available
Modelling with differential equationsEdexcel 9MA0Pure Mathematics 2Available

Questions

IDQuestionTopicMarksDifficulty
SA-IAL-P1-DF-005Find the gradient of y=x^3-3x^2+2 at the point where x=-1.…IAL P1 differentiation: gradients and second derivatives
Gradients at a point and rates of change
2L1 Foundation
SA-IAL-P1-DF3-002Find the equation of the tangent to y=x^3 at the point where x=1, in the form y=mx+c.…IAL P1 differentiation: tangents and normals
Equations of tangents
3L1 Foundation
SA-9709-P3-DF-011A curve is given by x=t^2, y=2t. Find the gradient of the curve at the point where t=3.…Differentiation: parametric differentiation
dy/dx for parametric curves
3L1 Foundation
SA-9709-P2-DF-014A curve has parametric equations x=t^2, y=2t. Find the gradient of the curve at the point where t=2.…Differentiation: parametric differentiation
dy/dx for parametric curves
3L1 Foundation
SA-IAL-P1-DF-Q02The tangent at a point has gradient 23. The normal has gradient…IAL P1 differentiation: tangents and normals
Equations of normals
1L1 Foundation
SA-IAL-P1-DF2-004Find the x-coordinate of the point on y=x^2-6x where the gradient is zero.…IAL P1 differentiation: gradients and second derivatives
Gradients at a point and rates of change
2L1 Foundation
SA-9709-P1-DF-G01Given y=4x^3-6x+2x, find dydx.…Differentiation: gradients and the power rule
Differentiating powers of x
3L1 Foundation
SA-9709-P1-IN-001Find (8x^3-6x+5)\,dx.…Integration: reversing differentiation
Integrating powers of x
3L1 Foundation
SA-9709-P1-DF-001Find dydx when y=3x^4-5x^2+7.…Differentiation: gradients and the power rule
Differentiating powers of x
2L1 Foundation
SA-9709-P3-DF-Q02For y=uv, dydx is…Differentiation: product and quotient rules
The product rule
1L1 Foundation
SA-9709-P1-DF-Q03At a stationary point, d^2ydx^2>0. The point is…Differentiation: stationary points, increasing and decreasing functions
Maximum or minimum: the second derivative test
1L1 Foundation
SA-9709-P1-IN-G01A curve has gradient dydx=6x^2-4x and passes through the point (1,5). Find the equation of the curve.…Integration: reversing differentiation
Finding a curve from its gradient and a point
4L1 Foundation
SA-9709-P1-DF-Q02ddx(3x+1)^5 is…Differentiation: the chain rule
The chain rule for (ax + b)ⁿ and f(x)ⁿ
1L1 Foundation
SA-IAL-P1-DF-004f(x)=x^3-4x. Find f''(2).…IAL P1 differentiation: gradients and second derivatives
Second derivatives
2L1 Foundation
SA-9709-P2-DF-Q03Differentiating y^3 with respect to x gives…Differentiation: implicit differentiation
Differentiating an equation implicitly
1L1 Foundation