9700/42 · Oct/Nov 2023

Ethanol and lactate fermentation, why they regenerate NAD, and adaptations of rice to flooded fields.

The yeast life cycle: budding by mitosis, meiosis and spores, and why diploid cells hide harmful recessive alleles.

Selective breeding of wheat for disease resistance.

Fluorescent marker genes in genetic engineering, and DNA microarrays for gene expression.

A dihybrid cross in fruit flies with linked genes and a chi-squared test.

Glucagon and the enzyme cascade in liver cells, and testing glucose with urine strips and biosensors.

Mitochondria at neuromuscular junctions and in muscle, excitatory and inhibitory synapses, and multiple sclerosis.

Non-cyclic photophosphorylation, uses of Calvin cycle intermediates, and temperature as a limiting factor.

ADH concentration after drinking water, and how the kidney responds.

Mark-release-recapture to estimate population size, and Himalayan balsam as an invasive species.