Salam Academy
WMA11 · Module

Algebra and functions

Quadratic functions, discriminant and completing the square

3 subtopics≈ 110 min in total
  1. Indices and surds

    amna^{\frac mn} means "take the nnth root, then raise to the power mm", and a−n=1ana^{-n}=\dfrac1{a^n}. Surds are roots left exact: simplify them by pulling out square factors, and remove them from denominators by multiplying by the conjugate.

    ≈ 30 min
  2. Quadratics, simultaneous equations and inequalities

    Completing the square finds the turning point of a quadratic; the discriminant b2−4acb^2-4ac tells you how many roots it has. Solve a line and a curve together by substitution, and solve quadratic inequalities by sketching the parabola and reading off where it is above or below the axis.

    ≈ 40 min
  3. Curve sketching and transformations

    A factorised cubic crosses the xx-axis at each factor's root and touches it at a repeated root. Reciprocal graphs have asymptotes. Changes outside the bracket act vertically and do what you expect; changes inside act horizontally and do the opposite.

    ≈ 40 min